A/V stem + 고... (and)
We can connect sentences and clauses by adding -고 at the end of the verb/adjective stem. Just keep in mind that the subject of the sentence must be the same. When it comes to tense markers you can either choose to use them or not. Usually people just keep the pattern of the verb/adjective stem instead of using the tense markers but either way the meaning is exactly the same.
Examples:
키키가 예쁘고 똑똑해요 => Kiki is beautiful and smart.
나는 밥을 먹고 술을 마셔요 => I eat rice and I drink alcohol.
어제 친구랑 식사를 했고 영화를 봤어요 OR
어제 친구랑 식사를 하고 영화를 봤어요 => Yesterday I ate and saw movie with my friend.
내일 극장에 갈 거고 산책을 할 거예요 OR
내일 극장에 가고 산책을 할 거예요 => Tomorrow I will go to the theater and I will take a walk.
A/V stem + 거나 (or)
In order to say we either do this or that between verbs and descriptive adjectives, we add -거나 after their stem.
Sometimes between two actions, we use 아니면, which is the "IF" form of 아니다 (to not be), so basically it means "if not / if that's not the case". Also keep in mind that 아니면 is most commonly used when asking questions about two different actions.
As usual the tense is shown at the end of the sentence.
Sometimes people add the -거나 ending to all the verbs/adjectives of the connecting clauses and end the sentence by using 하다.
Examples:
친구를 만날 때 같이 영화를 보거나 음악을 들어요. => When I meet my friend we watch movie together or listen to music.
(친구를 만날 때 같이 영화를 보거나 음악을 듣거나 해요)
내일 집에 가거나 (아니면) 친구를 만날 거예요 => Tomorrow I will (either) go home or meet a friend.
A/V stem + 지만 (but)
In order to show contrast between two clauses we add -지만 at the verb/adjective stem. You can also choose whether to use the tense marker in the middle of the sentence or leave it for the end of the sentence.
Examples:
키키가 예쁘지만 재미없어요 => Kiki is beautiful but she's not fun.
전주에 갔지만 비빔밥을 안 먹었어. = > I went to Jeonju but I didn't eat bibimbap.
(전주에 가지만 비빔밥을 안 먹었어.)
내일 서울에 갈 거지만 만날 시간이 없을 걸요 => I will go to Seoul tomorrow but I think I have no time to meet.
(내일 서울에 가지만 만날 시간이 없을 걸요)
We can connect sentences and clauses by adding -고 at the end of the verb/adjective stem. Just keep in mind that the subject of the sentence must be the same. When it comes to tense markers you can either choose to use them or not. Usually people just keep the pattern of the verb/adjective stem instead of using the tense markers but either way the meaning is exactly the same.
Examples:
키키가 예쁘고 똑똑해요 => Kiki is beautiful and smart.
나는 밥을 먹고 술을 마셔요 => I eat rice and I drink alcohol.
어제 친구랑 식사를 했고 영화를 봤어요 OR
어제 친구랑 식사를 하고 영화를 봤어요 => Yesterday I ate and saw movie with my friend.
내일 극장에 갈 거고 산책을 할 거예요 OR
내일 극장에 가고 산책을 할 거예요 => Tomorrow I will go to the theater and I will take a walk.
A/V stem + 거나 (or)
In order to say we either do this or that between verbs and descriptive adjectives, we add -거나 after their stem.
Sometimes between two actions, we use 아니면, which is the "IF" form of 아니다 (to not be), so basically it means "if not / if that's not the case". Also keep in mind that 아니면 is most commonly used when asking questions about two different actions.
As usual the tense is shown at the end of the sentence.
Sometimes people add the -거나 ending to all the verbs/adjectives of the connecting clauses and end the sentence by using 하다.
Examples:
친구를 만날 때 같이 영화를 보거나 음악을 들어요. => When I meet my friend we watch movie together or listen to music.
(친구를 만날 때 같이 영화를 보거나 음악을 듣거나 해요)
내일 집에 가거나 (아니면) 친구를 만날 거예요 => Tomorrow I will (either) go home or meet a friend.
A/V stem + 지만 (but)
In order to show contrast between two clauses we add -지만 at the verb/adjective stem. You can also choose whether to use the tense marker in the middle of the sentence or leave it for the end of the sentence.
Examples:
키키가 예쁘지만 재미없어요 => Kiki is beautiful but she's not fun.
전주에 갔지만 비빔밥을 안 먹었어. = > I went to Jeonju but I didn't eat bibimbap.
(전주에 가지만 비빔밥을 안 먹었어.)
내일 서울에 갈 거지만 만날 시간이 없을 걸요 => I will go to Seoul tomorrow but I think I have no time to meet.
(내일 서울에 가지만 만날 시간이 없을 걸요)
